Bloom filters shave 90% of negative lookups; HyperLogLog estimates cardinality without storing every user ID. Redis modules on ElastiCache for abuse detection and feed deduplication.
Two goroutines updating adjacent counters can saturate memory bus on a c7g.8xlarge. Memory barriers, cache lines, and false sharing—why placement groups do not fix application-level contention.
Too many "too many connections" pages are fixed by raising max_connections—which trades one outage for OOM on the writer. This guide traces deadlocks, pool sizing, RDS Proxy, and prepared statement caching on Aurora.
Cache-aside without an invalidation story ships stale pricing to 2% of users—the hardest 2% to debug. This guide layers CloudFront, ElastiCache, and DAX with TTL, event-driven purge, and when write-through beats cache-aside.
C10k is solved until syscall overhead and context switches eat your Graviton cores. epoll, sendfile, and SO_REUSEPORT behaviors on EC2—and why Lambda caps concurrency differently.
Heap too small triggers G1 humongous allocations; too large balloons pause times on Graviton. Corretto on ECS/EKS/Lambda Java—when ZGC generational beats G1 for API heaps.
Packet loss on mobile networks still punishes HTTP/1.1 head-of-line blocking—but HTTP/3 only helps if CloudFront terminates QUIC and your origin connection pools are sized for multiplexed streams. This guide connects Reno, Cubic, BBR, HPACK, and QUIC to ALB and CloudFront decisions.
Project Loom virtual threads help I/O-bound Java on ECS—not CPU-bound aggregation. Compare actor models, lock-free queues, and when Lambda concurrency beats pinning threads on EC2.
On June 10, 2026 AWS GA’d M9g/M9gd on Graviton5 — up to 25% more compute vs M8g, 35% faster for web and ML per AWS. Field guide: M9g vs M9gd, canary checklist, RI traps, and agentic-AI fit.
A production-focused guide to Amazon RDS performance: EBS gp3 IOPS and throughput, Performance Insights, read replicas, RDS Proxy, and aggressive application caching with ElastiCache—without outdated patterns like MySQL query cache.
AWS Graviton processors deliver 20-40% cost savings and better performance-per-watt. Complete guide: migration path, performance benchmarks, and production deployment patterns.
A technical deep dive into EC2 performance optimization for API workloads — covering instance family selection, Graviton vs x86 economics, network tuning, EBS configuration, and Linux kernel parameters that directly impact throughput and tail latency.
